Carbureter.



F. J. WATT. CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED OGT.14,1907.

Patented Aug. 24, 1909.

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- Specification of Letters Patent. I Patented Aug. 24, 1969.

Application filed October 14, 1907. Serial No'. 397,284.

reters,of which the following is a specifica-- tion, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawin s.

This invention re ates to carbureters for explosive engines and especially to certain features therein adapted to automatically maintain a constant mixture regardless of the engine speed, or to the swashing of the liquid in the carbureter reservoir.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter set forth, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1- is a View, partially in longitudinal section and partial y in elevation, of a carbureter embodying features of the invention. Fig. 2 is a View in sectionon line of Fig. 1.

In thedrawings,-1 represents'an upright cylindrical shell closed at its upper end by a cover 2 removably secured therein, and provided with an axial air tube 3 whose lower flared or bell-shaped mouth is integral with the bottom wall 4 of the casing, and whose upper open end extends throu h a dished central portion of the cover whic fits tightly around it. The annular chamber of the casing constitutes the reservoir which is supplied through proper pipe connections fitted to a nipple 5 in the casing bottom, having an apertured valve seat on which a downwardly acting inlet valve 6 closes. The lower reduced end of the valve is tapered or coned to close on the seat, and its stem is longitudinally grooved toform open assages'c'when the valve 'is raised. The va ve is carried by a centrally apertured'disk 7 which forms a counterbalance. within the chamber, for a hollow annular float 8 to which it is articulated byoppositely disposed equalizing levers 9 fulcrumed on radial brackets 10 secured to a sleeve '11, slippedover the ,tube 3.

A conoidal spiral spring 12 in compression between the disk and lower part of the stem allows the disk to drop. after the valve'isj seated, provided any violent swashing of the fluid in the reservoir causes the float to riseabove its-usual upperli-mit and the disk to lower, this separation of the float and coun- 'outer portion of the cover 2.

terbalance being resisted also by interposed sp'rin .s 13. V A orizontal tubular arm 14 having an. outer shouldered nipple. 15 seated in an aperture in the casing bottom, carries at'its innor end a central feed pipe 16 extending through the air tube 3, that has a jet nozzle 17 on as upper end, closed by an inwardly seating conical regulating valve 18 which acts both as a. closure and a deflector. The latter is carried by a stem 19 passing down through the pipe which is removably secured at its lower end to an adjusting thumb-screw20, a split taper sleeve 21. integral with the thumb-screw being closed on the stem by a nut 22 The thumb-screw engages a depending nipple 23 in the arm 14, a packing gland or stu mg box 24 insuring a close joint. The angle of the valve cone should be such as to project the conical film oil at an angle of 45 degrees or thereabout.

A vaporizing or mixing chamber is formed centrally over the reservoir by a hollow ca-p- 25 having a depending peripheral flange 26 resting on and extending below the projecting ends of oblique or radial ribs 27 secured or integrally formed on the upper face of the Screws 28 or the like engaging certain of the ribs adapted to receive them or other suitable means secure the cap in place. j

A flat centrally apertured disk 29 seated on the ribs 27 and secured thereto by screws 36 forms therewith substantially radial air passages or ducts from the outer annular o ening between the cap flange and easing,

w ose mner months are closed by a depending flange 36 of an auxiliary air valve-31 whose outer flange 32 is guided by the peripheral wall of the cap 25, a spiral tapered spring 33 in compression between the cap and valvecentered on the latter by lugs 34, holding the latter closed astt-he air pas: sages. A central nipple on t e-cap 25 is 'fitted for pipe connection 35 with the motor intake.

In 0 eration, the suction b the motor draws t e air sharply in throug the central air tube ast the jet nozzle which projects a conical m of fuel transversely into the mrushing air column. Theauxfllary alr valve is also raised by the artial vacuum created by the motor, and to incoming radial air currents from the air passages evenly disseminate and thoroughly vaporize the fuel "so that the product leaving the chamber is readi uniform, the auxiliary valve automatically varying the amount of air admlttedln proportion to the force of the engine suctlon.

The situation of the controlling valve at the point of discharge and at the point. of greatest velocity of influx of air through the unim eded bell-sha ed air tube gives greatest e iciency possib e for weak slictiomwhere the motor is running slow or H Similar efliciency for the 05181 extreme of.

heavy work and consequently sharp and rapid intake is obtained by the disposition of the auxiliary valve, which admits air e ually from all directions against the film o fue the valve opening having large area even for slight lift of the closure. Furthermore, the nozzle rojects its fuel jet or spra at substantia y the same angle across al the in, coming air currents, both from'the regular and auxiliary inlets, thereb further insuring proper yaporization. he direction of the air currents causes rapid'rotation of the contents of the mixin chamber without pripchanical aid in the shape of fans-or the 1 e.

- The annular reservoir permits-0f a large float with small amount of fuel, thereby insuring sufficient buo ancy to lift the valve y, the counter alance increasing the sensitlveness of the float against permanent change of level in the reservoir, while the submergence of the weight and the direction of its motion in opposition to the rise and fall of the float steadles the float from jumpin if the reservoir contents is violently agitated y jolting or the like. i

The regulating valve and its feed pipe may be readily withdrawn for inspection and repair, and the other parts are slmilarly accessile, as the cap may be removed, thecover plate taken off the air passage, the cover itselfunscrewed, and the float, counterbalance, in-

let valve and connections withdrawn bodily without trouble.

Another very advantageous feature is the practically unlmpeded air passages which give direct entrance to the air, whi e they are so shielded and disposed that bodily movement of the carbureter does not materially affect them;

Obviously, the details of construction may bevaried without departing from the s ir1t of the invention and I do not care to imit myself to any particular form or'arrangewhose ipe connections with the reservoir extend ongitudinally through the tube and whose adjustingmeans lie without andbelow the reservoir, a valve for the duct outlets, a discharge opening in the chamber alined with the air tube, said discharge opening, duct valve, air tube, jet valve and connections I presenting a substantially unim eded air passage longitudinally through tie carbureter and fuel supply means for the reservoir.

2. A carbureter comprising a cylindrical reservoir, a mixing chamber'there'on, an axial air tube extending through the reservoir into. the chamber, converging air ducts through the chamber whose outlets encircle the,

mouth of the tube, a radial hollow arm opening through the reservoir bottom, a pipe on its inner end extending longitudinally through the tube, a jet nozzle at the upper end of the pipe, a combined regulator anddeflector va ve at the nozzle adapted to 1'0- j ecta spray across the tube and duct out ets, an adjusting screw for the valve below the arm and without the reservoir, a valve controlling the duct outlets, and fuel supply means for the reservoir.

3'. A carbureter comprising a c lindrical reservoir, a cover thereon, an axia air tube through the reservoir and cover, radial ribs on the cover, a centrally apertured disk on the ribs, a circular cap supported at its mar-.

gin on the outer-ends of t e ribs,- an annular valve'within the cap adapted to close past the inner ends of the ribs, a spring interposed between'the cap and valve, a discharge outlet in the cap over the valve, spra ing means at the. outlet of the tube, and uel supply means for the reservoir.

4. A carbureter comprising a c lindrical reservoir, a cover thereon, an axia air tube through the reservoir and cover, radial ribs on the cover extending beyond its periphery, whose inn'er ends are disposed in a circle, a centrally a ertured disk seated on the ribs, a circular ho low cap supported on the outer ends of theribs having a ripheral dependent flange extending beow the reservoir cover, an annular valve within the cap adapted to closepast the inner ends of the ribs, a spn'n int 'rposed between the cap and valve, a disc arge outlet in the ca overthe valve, spraying meansat the out et of the tube, and fuel supply means for the reservoir.

5. A'carbureter comprising a c lindrical reservoir; a cover thereon, an axial through the reservoir and cover whose inner ends are disposed in a circle, radial ribs on on the outer ends of t e ribs, an annu ar air tube i i the cover, a centrally apertured disk on the ribs, a circular cap sup orted at its mar in valve within the cap having an inner dependent flan e adapted to close past the inner ends of t e ribs, and an outer peripheral flange having slidin engagement with the peripheral wall of t e cap, a spring interposed between the cap and the valve, s ray-' ing means at the outlet of the tube, anr fuel supply means for the reservoir.

6. A carbureter comprising a cylindrical mixing chamber, an annular reservoir whose hollow core is bell-shaped at its lower end across the mouths of the ducts and airtube at the same angle to the air currents from the ducts and tube, a discharge outlet in the chamber alined with the reservoir core, said air tube, discharge tube and convergent ducts being proportioned to concentrate the air currents uponthe jet. at the oint of greatest velocity of the current an to present unimpeded assage to the air currents through the car ureter, and a float controlled fuel supply valve in the reservoir.

7. A carbureter com rising an annular reservoir, amixing cham er thereon consisting of a circular cap whose flange extends over the u per end of the reservoir, at an interval therefrom, convergent ducts leading from the annular, space between the flange and reservoir to the upper mouth of the central opening of the annular reservoir, an annular valve axially reciprocable in the cap adapted to simultaneously close the ducts, a spring between the valve and cap adapted to seat the valve,'an axial pipe in the reservoir core carrying a jet nozzle and deflecting regulating valve at its upper endadapted to project a conical film across all the air currents from the reservoir aperture and the ducts at substantially equal angles, a radial hollow arm connecting the bottom of the reservoir and the lower endof the ipe, a hand-screw for the regulatin jet va ve below the arm, a discharge out et in the cap in axial alinement with the reservoir outlet, said duct valve, jet valve and its connections and the reservoir aperture providing a substantially unimpeded straight air passage from the base through the carbureter cap, and fuel supply means for the reservoir.

8. n a carbureter having a reservoir, a mixing chamber connected thereto and a main air'supply tube leading through the reservoir into the chamber, means for-projecting a conical jet of fuel into the chamber at the outlet of the tube comprising a hollow transverse arm below the reservoir, connected thereto at its outer end, a nip le at its inner end in axial alinement wit the .air

tube, a pipe secured in the upper end of the nipple, extending axially through the air tu e having a jet nozzle at its upper end at the air tube outlet, a centrally apertured adjusting screw passing through a packing gland on the lower end of the ni ple longitu'dinally adjustable in the ni p e, a valve stem removably and adjustab y secured in the screw aperture, extending axially through the pipe and nozzle, and a-regulating closure for the nozzle consisting of an inverted conical deflector secured at its apex to. the upper end of the valve stem. v

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

FRANK. J. WATT. Witnesses: a

E. D. JUNIOR, JOHN Boone. 

